Road signs explained: what they mean and how to read them

What are road signs?

Road signs are the most visible way streets tell you what to do. They use symbols, words, colors, and shapes to convey rules, warnings, or directions. They help reduce confusion and keep people moving safely.

Color codes and shapes

In many regions, color and shape carry quick meaning:

• Red usually signals prohibitions or required stops.
• Blue often indicates information or services.
• Green can point toward directions or allowed actions.
• Yellow or amber commonly warn of hazards ahead.
• Brown is often used for parks or recreational sites.

Shapes also matter:

• Octagons (eight sides) are typically stops.
• Triangles can warn or yield.
• Circles may indicate mandatory actions or prohibitions.
• Rectangles or squares often carry on-site information.
• Diamonds are commonly used for warnings in some places and may vary by country.

Common sign types

• Regulatory signs tell you what you must or must not do (such as speed limits, no turns, or stop signs).
• Warning signs alert you to hazards ahead (sharp curves, pedestrians, or animal crossings).
• Guide signs provide directions, destinations, routes, or distances.
• Information signs can point to services, parking, or facilities.
• Temporary signs are used during construction or detours and may be orange in some regions.

How to read road signs

1. Identify the shape first; it often hints at the sign type.
2. Note the color for a quick rule or warning cue.
3. Read the symbol or text to understand the exact instruction.
4. Check any additional panels for specifics like distance or speed.
5. Adapt your driving accordingly and anticipate other road users' actions.

Safety tips for reading signs

• Scan ahead and to the sides so you spot signs early.
• Expect changes in signs around intersections, school zones, and construction zones.
• If you miss a sign, slow down and proceed with caution until you encounter clear guidance again.

International differences and learning signs

Sign colors, shapes, and wording can vary by country. If you travel, take a moment to study local conventions. In many places there is a set of international signs based on the Vienna Convention, but local variations still apply.